This day in history...

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noreply66
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Post by noreply66 »

In 1792,France's King Louis XVI went before the convention to face charges of treason. (Louis was convicted, and executed the following month.)

In 1937, Italy withdrew from the League of Nations.

In 1941, Germany and Italy declared was on the United States;the U.S. responded in kind.


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Deaths which occurred on December 12:
0884 Carloman co-king of France (879, 882-884), dies
1112 Tancred monarch of Galilea/Edessa/Antioch, dies
1204 Maimonides [Moses Ben Maimon] Jewish philosopher/talmudic scholar, dies in Cairo at 69
1263 Hakon IV Gamli, King of Norway (1217-63), dies
1600 John Craig Scottish church reformer/James VI's court vicar, dies
1677 Jacob Binckes/Benckes Dutch admiral (Chatham), dies in battle
1772 Johann Gottfried Seyfert composer, dies at 41
1777 Reverand Benjamin Russen executed at Tyburn, England for rape
1777 Albrecht von Haller Swiss physician/biologist/author, dies at 69
1788 Joseph Gibbs composer, dies at 88
1812 John Malchair composer, dies at 82
1836 Giuseppe Farinelli composer, dies at 67
1843 Willem I Frederik King of Netherlands (1814-40), dies at 71
1872 Willem A Schimmelpenninck van der Oye Dutch politician, dies at 72
1877 José M de Alencar Brazilian writer/minister of Justice, dies at 48
1880 Michel Chasles French mathematician (geometry), dies at 83
1889 Robert Browning English poet (Ring & Book), dies at 77
1912 Luitpold von Bayern prince-regent of Bayern, dies at 91
1914 Watkins Lewis black man lynched in Shreveport LA
1920 Olive Schreiner South Afr writer (Healing Imagination), dies at 75
1920 Paul Lacome composer, dies at 82
1921 Henrietta Leavitt cepheid period-luminosity relation discover, dies
1923 Raymond Radiguet French journalist/writer (Ball du Comte), dies at 20
1926 Jean Richepin French poet/writer (Contes sans morale), dies at 77
1927 Heinrich Reitsch composer, dies at 67
1932 Egon Richter writer, dies
1933 Theodore Moses Tobani composer, dies at 78
1937 Alfred Abel actor (Dr Mabuse, Metropolis), dies at 57
1939 Douglas Fairbanks actor (Zorro, 3 Musketeers, Robin Hood), dies at 56
1946 Johannes L "Jan" Walch Dutch literary (Abelard & Heloïse), dies at 67
1947 Júlio A Peixoto Brazilian writer (Fruta do Mato), dies at 70
1956 Lorenzo Perosi composer, dies at 83
1957 Robert Frank Kurka composer, dies at 35
1959 Russell Simpson actor (Abraham Lincoln), dies at 79
1961 Daiun Sogaku Harada Zen founder of Sanbo Kyodan lineage, dies at 91
1962 Sid Saylor actor (Wally-Waterfront), dies at 67
1964 H I "Sailor" Young cricketer (left-arm bowler England vs Australia 1899), dies
1965 Johnny Lee actor (Calhoun-Amos 'n' Andy), dies at 67
1968 Tallulah Bankhead actress (All


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Post by noreply66 »

In 1913, authorities in Florence, Italy, announced that the "Mona Lisa," had been recovered.

In 1937,Japanese aircraft sank the U.S. gunboat Panay on China's Yangtez River. (Japan apologized, and paid $2.2 million in reparations.)

In 1963,Kenya gained its independenec from Britain.


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Deaths which occurred on December 13:
0838 Pippijn I King of Aquitania, dies
1048 Al-Biruni Arabic royal astrologer, dies at 74
1124 Callistus II [Guido di Borgogna] Italian Pope (1119-24), dies
1126 Hendrik IX the Black, Duke of Bayern (1120-26), dies
1250 Frederick II German Emperor (1212-1250), dies at 55
1404 Albrecht duke of Bavaria, dies at 74
1521 Manoel I "the Great" King of Portugal (1495-1521), dies at 52
1557 Niccoló Tartaglia Italian mathematician, dies
1565 Konrad von Gesner naturalist, dies at 49
1574 SelÅ’m II Sari the blonde, sultan of Turkey (1566-74), dies at 50
1603 Franciscus Vieta mathematician, dies in Paris at 63
1622 Jan Campanus composer, dies at 50
1672 Jan II Kazimierz king of Poland (1648-68), dies at 63
1693 Dodoftei Romanian metropolitan of Moldavia/writer (Saint Lives), dies
1693 Willem Van de Velde Dutch the Old, seascape painter, dies at about 82
1729 Anthony Collins English philosopher (On Liberty & Necessity), dies at 53
1738 Gotthard Wagner composer, dies at 59
1769 C F Gellert writer, dies at 54
1774 Susanne K von Klettenberg German friend of Goethes mother, dies at 50
1793 Johann Joachim Christoph Bode composer, dies at 63
1812 Marianne von Martinez composer, dies at 68
1814 Charles Joseph Prince of Ligne Belgian fieldmarshal/author, dies at 79
1862 Conrad Feger Jackson US Union Brigadier-General, dies in battle at 49
1862 Maxcy Gregg US Confederate Brigadier-General, dies in battle at 48
1862 Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb Confederate Brigadier-General, dies in battle at 39
1863 Friedrich Hebbel writer, dies at 50
1872 Helena Beeloo Hague's maid, murdered by Henry Jut
1872 W T van der Kouwen-ten Cate Hague's Dame, murdered by Henry Jut
1881 August Senoa Croatian writer (Kletva [The Curse]), dies at 43
1894 Sarah Parker Remond US/Italian abolitionist, dies at 68
1898 George Frederick Bristow composer, dies at 72
1909 Innokenti F Annenski Russian poet/interpreter, dies at 53
1911 Reg Duff cricketer (23 Tests for Australia 1902-05, 1317 runs), dies
1919 Amintore Galli composer, dies at 74
1921 Frederick Martin cricketer (14 wickets in 2 Tests for England 1890-92), dies
1924 Samuel Gompers organizer (American Federation of Labor), dies at 74
1929 Knut Algot Hakanson composer, dies at 42
1935 John Nicolson cricketer (South African lefty batsman 1926-27), dies
1940 Dusty Tapscott cricket (brother of Doodles, 4&1 in only South Africa Test), dies
1940 George Macaulay cricketer (took 24 wickets in 8 Tests, England 22-33), dies
1942 Eleanor Everest Freer composer, dies at 78
1944 Vassily V Kandinsky abstract artist (Dreamy Inspiration), dies at 78
1944 Lupe Velez actress (Joe Palooka), overdoses on seconal at 34
1945 Robert van Genechten Dutch Nazi (NSB), commits suicide
1945 Vittorio Mario Vanzo composer, dies at 83
1951 Selim Palmgren Finnish pianist/composer (Daniel Hjort), dies at 73
1958 Tim Moore actor (Kingfish-Amos 'n' Andy), dies at 70
1958 Ahmed Mukhtar Baban premier of Iraq, executed
1958 Barhanuddin Bashajan Iraqi minister of Foreign affairs, executed
1958 Brand Dirck Ochse film/bioscope pioneer (Polygoon), dies at 66
1958 Rafiq Aref Iraqi chief-staff Arabs Statenbond, executed


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

On this day...
0863 Boudouin with the Iron Arm weds Charles de Kales' daughter Judith
1294 Pope Coelestinus V ends term
1545 Pope Paul III opens Council of Trente (19th ecumenical council)
1570 Sweden/Denmark signs Peace of Stettin
1572 Spanish army beats Geuzen fleet under Admiral Lumey
1577 Sir Francis Drake sets sail from England to go around the world
1621 Emperor Ferdinand II delegates 1st anti-Reformation decree
1642 New Zealand discovered by Dutch navigator Abel Tasman
1668 Jean Racines "Britannicus" premieres in Paris
1734 England & Russia sign trade agreement
1742 Willem KH Friso tests his mothers potatoes
1759 1st music store in America opens (Philadelphia)
1769 Dartmouth College in New Hampshire received its charter
1774 1st incident of the Revolution-400 attack Fort William & Mary, New Hampshire
1816 Patent for a dry dock issued to John Adamson, Boston
1823 Gioacchino Rossini arrives in London
1833 HMS Beagle/Charles Darwin arrives in Port Deseado, Patagonie
1843 "A Christmas Carol" by Charles Dickens published, 6,000 copies sold
1861 Battle of Alleghany Summit WV
1862 Battle of Fredericksburg VA (Marye's Heights); South beats North
1864 Battle of Fort McAllister GA
1879 1st federal fish hatching steamer launched (Wilmington DE)
1889 Belgium rules on women/child labor law
1895 1st complete execution of Gustav Mahlers 2nd Symphony
1900 Battle at Nooitgedacht: Generals The la Rey/Smuts beat Britten
1901 Test debut of S F Barnes vs Australia SCG, took 5-65 in 1st innings
1903 Italo Marcioni patents the ice cream cone (New Jersey)
1903 Wright Brothers make 1st flight at Kittyhawk
1906 German chancellor Bernhard von Bülow disbands the Parliament
1907 George Gunn scores 119 on Test debut vs Australia SCG
1907 German emperor Wilhelm II visits Amsterdam
1913 Mona Lisa stolen in Aug 1911 returned to Louvre
1916 Avalanche kills 10,000 Austrian & Italian troops in 24 hours in Tyrol
1916 Esme Stuart Lennox Robinsons premieres in Dublin
1916 French chief of staff Joffre replaced by Nivelle
1918 US army of occupation crosses the Rhine, enters Germany
1918 Woodrow Wilson, becomes 1st to make a foreign visit as President (France)
1919 Ross & Smith land in Australia from a flight from London
1920 F Pease's interferometer measures 1st stellar diameter (Betelgeuse)
1920 League of nations establishes International Court of Justice in The Hague
1920 Netherlands breaks contact with kingdoms of Serbia, Croatia & Slavia
1922 Charles Ebbets proposes putting numbers on players' sleeves or caps
1924 KOA-AM in Denver CO begins radio transmissions
1928 George Gershwin's "An American In Paris" premieres (New York NY)
1928 Clip-on tie designed
1930 George Sisler's career ends when Boston Braves release him
1930 Theodore Steeg forms French government
1934 Mark Hellinger Theater (Warner Brothers) opens at 237 W 51st St New York NY
1936 Final Boston Redskin NFL game, lose to Packers 21-6, move to Washington DC
1936 Green Bay Packers win NFL championship
1938 Los Angeles freezes at 28ºF
1939 Battle at La Plata - 3 British cruisers vs German Graf Spee
1941 German occupiers forbid National Front & Netherlands Union
1941 Lawine battlers destroy Haaraz, Peru; about 3,000 die
1941 U-81 torpedoes British aircraft carrier Ark Royal
1942 Seyss-Inquart allows Dutch Nazi Anton Mussert to call himself Leader
1942 Washington Redskins defeat Chicago Bears 14-6, to win NFL title
1943 150 US Marauders bomb Schiphol
1944 Japanese kamikaze crashes into US cruiser Nashville, kills 138
1944 Norman Krasna's "Dear Ruth" premieres in New


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Post by noreply66 »

In 1942, Dutch navigator Abel Tasman sighted present-day New Zealand.

In 1944, during World War II, the U.S. cruiser Nashville was badly damaged in a Japanese kamikaze attack that claimed more than 130 lives.


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Birthdates which occurred on December 14:
1363 John Van [Jean C] Gerson French theologist
1503 Nostradamus [Michel de Nostre-Dam] French astrologist/prophet
1546 Tycho Brahe Knudstrup Denmark, astronomer (Golden nose)
1553 Henri IV the Bourbon king of Navarra (Henri III)/France
1720 Justus Möser writer
1730 Capel Bond composer
1738 Johann Antonin Kozeluch composer
1777 Juan N Gallego Spanish poet/interpreter (El dos the mayo)
1779 Mariano Rodriguiz de Ledesma composer
1780 Karl Robert von Nesselrode German/Russian minister of Foreign Affairs
1783 Johann Christoph Kienlen composer
1789 Maria Agata Szymanowska composer
1812 Charles J Canning English earl/1st viceroy of British-Indies
1824 Pierre C Puvis de Chavannes French painter (Panthéon)
1829 John Mercer Langston 1st black to hold US political office
1830 Allen Thomas Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1907
1832 Daniel Harris Reynolds Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1902
1837 William Wells Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1892
1853 Salvador Diaz Miron Mexican poet (Los Cien Mejores Poemas)
1862 Alexander V Amfiteatrov Russian/French/Italian writer
1862 John M Acket Dutch literary (Grammatic Conceptions)
1868 Richard Batka composer
1870 Dirk J de Geer Dutch premier (1926-29, 39-40)
1870 Karl Renner Austrian Chancellor/President (1918-20, 45-50)
1873 Marie-Alphonse-Nicolas-Joseph Jongen composer
1875 Dobri Khristov composer
1877 Lieven Duvosel Flemish music writer/composer (Leiecyclys)
1883 Morihei Ueshiba founder (Aikido)
1883 Manolis Kalomiris Greek opera composer
1884 Regina Ullmann writer
1894 Joaquin Zamacois Soler composer
1895 George VI king of England (1936-52)
1895 Paul Eluard French communist/poet/resistance fighter (Le Phénix)
1896 James H Doolittle US Army General (Raid on Tokyo 1942)
1897 Margaret Chase Smith (Representative/Senator-R-ME)
1898 Frederick Douglass Hall composer
19-- Celia Weston Spartanburg SC, actress (Jolene-Alice)
19-- Robert Lussier West Warwick RI, actor (Brent-Man From Atlantis)
19-- Sallie Brophy Phoenix AZ, actress (Annie O'Connell-Buckskin)
1900 Boyan Georgiev Ikonomov composer
1901 Henri Cochet tennis champion (US Open-1928)
1901 Paul I King of Greece (1947-64)
1902 Frances Beauvier actress (Aunt Bea-Andy Griffith Show)
1905 Sydney Lipton bandleader/violin
1906 Helmut Bornefeld composer
1907 Guy Middleton Hove England, actor (Gentlemen Marrie Brunettes)
1908 Laurence Naismith Surrey England, actor (Judge Fulton-Persuaders)
1908 Morey Amsterdam Chicago IL, comedian (Buddy-Dick Van Dyke Show)
1909 Edward L Tatum US, molecular geneticist (Nobel 1958)
1909 Phia [Sophia R] Berghout harpist/founder Eduard of Beinumstichting
1911 Spike Jones Long Beach CA, composer (Cocktails for Two)
1911 Ota Adler Czechoslovakian/British fur trader/founder (Federal Trust)
1914 Dan Dailey New York NY, dancer/actor (Governor Drinkwater-Governor & JJ)
1914 Rosalyn Tureck Chicago IL, pianist (Bach & Rock)
1914 Karl Carstens German (CDU)/President - Germany (1979-84)
1915 Clay Warnick Tacoma WA, choral director (Jimmie Rodgers Show)
1917 Elyse Knox Hartford CT, actress (Hit the Ice, Black Gold)
1917 Wilf Ferguson cricket leg-spinner (West Indian of post-WWII years)
1919 Shirley Jackson US, writer (Road Through the Wall)
1920 Albertus Meintser office clerk/resistance fighter
1920 Quinton Hazell businessman
1922 Charley Trippi NFL halfback (Chicago Cardinals)
1922 Don Hewitt New York NY, CBS news executive producer (60 Minutes)
1923 Gerard K "Simon" van het Reve Dutch writer (Evenings, Dear Guys)
1923 Leonardus S van Egeraat Dutch travel expert
1923 Sully Boyar New York NY, actor (Car Wash)
1924 Marion Morgan singer (Stop the Music)
1924 Siiri Rantanen Finland, cross country skier (Olympics-gold-1956)
1926 Frank King cricketer (West Indies fast bowler in 14 Tests in 50's, 29 wickets)
1927 Jacobus G Rietkerk Dutch internal minister (VVD) (1982-86)
1929 Ron Nelson composer
1932 Abbe Lane Brooklyn NY, aka Mrs Xavier Cugat, singer (Xavier Cugat Show)
1932 Charlie "Silver Fox" Rich Colt AR, singer (Behind Closed Doors)
1932 George Furth Chicago IL, actor/director (Tammy, Good Guys, Dumplings)
1933 Leo N Wright US saxophonist (I Left My Heart in San Francisco)
1934 Petrus van Doorne Dutch industrialist
1935 Barbara Leigh-Hunt Bath England, actress (Search for the Nile)
1935 David White cricketer (England opening attack Brown & White vs Pakistan 1961)
1935 Lee Remick Quincy MA, actress (Days of Wine & Rose, Long Hot Summer)
1935 Lewis Arquette Chicago IL, actor (Horror Show, Book of Love)
1936 Robert Allan Ridley Parker


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Deaths which occurred on December 15:
1025 Basilius II the Bulgarendoder, Byzantine emperor (976-1025), dies
1230 Ottokar I king of Bohemia (1197-1230), dies
1515 Alfonso de Albuquerque viceroy of Portuguese Indies, dies
1576 Joachim Hopperus [Hoppers] Frisian lawyer/politician, dies at 53
1598 Philip van Marnix Flemish ruler of St Aldegonde/poet, dies at 58
1621 Charles d'albert Duke of Luynes/PM of France, dies at 43
1626 Adriaen de Vries Dutch sculptor/painter, dies at about 70
1675 John Vermeer Dutch painter (Love Letter), dies at 43
1688 Gaspar Fagel lawyer/Netherlands grand pensionary (1672-88), dies at 54
1699 Henrik A van Reede tot Drakenstein Dutch botanist, dies at about 63
1712 Sidney 1st Earl of Godolphine English minister of Finance, dies at 67
1715 George Hickes English linguist (Old German Philology), dies at 73
1779 Manuel Jeronimo Romero de Avila composer, dies at 62
1792 Joseph Martin Kraus composer, dies at 36
1816 Joseph Franz Maximilian Lobkowitz composer, dies at 44
1817 Maria Walewska [Leszczinska] lover of emperor Napoleon I, dies
1822 Ferenc Verseghy composer, dies at 65
1826 William Browser revolting slave, executed in New York NY
1831 Paul R Cantzlaar Governor of Saba/Curaçao/Dutch-West Indies, dies at 60
1839 Matthijs I van Bree Flemish court-painter, dies at 66
1861 Gualtiero Sanelli composer, dies at 45
1880 Carlo Boncompagni di Mombello Italian minister of Justice, dies at 76
1889 Ferdinand II king of Portugal, dies at 73
1890 Sitting Bull Hunkpapa-Sioux chief (Little Big Horn), killed by US Army
1892 Charles Balmer composer, dies at 75
1896 John Acquoy Dutch theologist/church historian, dies at 67
1901 Elias Alvares Lobo composer, dies at 67
1909 Francisco Tarrega y Eixea composer, dies at 57
1934 Maggis Lena Walker 1st US (black) woman to head a bank, dies at 69
1939 Tom McKibbin cricketer (5 Tests for Australia 1895-1898, 17 wickets), dies
1943 Thomas W "Fats" Waller jazz pianist, dies in Kansas City MO at 39
1944 Glenn Miller US band leader/jazz composer, dies at 40
1946 Conrad Haebler historian (Hundert Kalenderinkunabeln), dies at 89
1946 Gordon Frederic Norton composer, dies at 77
1950 Robert Muller-Hartmann composer, dies at 66
1951 Eric Drummond 1st Secretary-General League of Nations (1919-33), dies at 75
1953 Kishio Hirao composer, dies at 46
1961 William "Dummy" Hoy professional baseball player, dies at 99
1962 Charles Laughton English actor (Hunchback of Notre Dame), dies at 63
1966 Walt Disney animator, dies at 65, put in suspended


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Birthdates which occurred on December 16:
1485 Catherine of Aragon Spanish princess/1st wife of Henry VIII
1622 Kurt S Adeler Danish admiral/ship builder
1652 Giovanni Maria Casini composer
1685 Charles Cressent France, cabinetmaker (Régence)
1734 Georg Peter Weimar composer
1742 Gebhard Leberecht Fürst Blücher von Wahlstatt German fieldmarshal
1748 Ferdinand-Philippe-Joseph Staes composer
1770 Ludwig van Beethoven Bonn Germany, composer (Ode to Joy)
1775 Jane Austen England, novelist (Pride & Prejudice)
1775 François-Adrien Boieldieu composer
1777 Janos Fusz composer
1809 Peter P van Bosse Dutch attorney/liberal minister of Finance
1812 William Grose Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1900
1819 Robert Selden Garnett Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1861
1822 Charles Edward Horsley composer
1825 Henry Heth Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1899
1825 Robert Prescott Stewart composer
1827 John A C Oudemans Dutch geographer/astronomer
1828 John Beatty Brigadier-General (Union volunteers), died in 1914
1830 John Frederick Hartranft Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1889
1834 Léon Walras French economist (border use theory)
1847 Augusta Mary Anne Holmes composer
1850 Fred Morley cricketer (legendary Notts & England bowler 1880-83)
1851 Theodoor H de Meester Dutch premier (1905-08)
1857 Edward Emerson Barnard Tennesee, astronomer (Jupiter's 5th satellite)
1862 Eugène Demolder Belgian writer (Sous la robe)
1863 George Santayana Spain, philosopher/poet/humanist (Last Puritan)
1863 Ralph Adams Cram US, gothic architect (Cathedral of St John the Divine NYC)
1865 Victor Rousseau Belgian sculptor
1869 Albert F Pollard British historian (Dict of natural biography)
1879 William Duncan Scotland, actor (Thunder Trail)
1882 Sir John Berry Hobbs England, 1st cricket player knighted (1953)
1882 Walther Meissner German physicist (Meissner effect)
1882 Zoltán Kodály Kecskemét Hungary, composer (Psalmus Hungaricus)
1883 Max Linder Caverne France, actor/comic/director (Max Prend un Bain)
1888 Alphonse Juin French marshal
1890 Harlan Sanders founder/CEO (Kentucky Fried Chicken)
1892 A "Shon Nènè" Morales Antillean/Netherlands very old lady
1892 Cameron Prud'Homme Auburn CA, actor (Rainmaker)
1893 Vladimir Golschmann Paris France, conductor with Immortal Downbeat
1895 Lidj Jasu emperor of Ethiopia
1897 Jacobus Petrus Duminy cricketer (three Tests for South Africa 1927-29)
1897 Paul Neuhuys Belgian playwright (Le Canari et le Cerise)
1899 Sir Noel Coward playwright (In Which We Serve-1942 Academy Award)
1899 Harold Walter Bailey philologist
19-- Dori Brenner [Levine] New York NY, actress (Rhoda Gold-7th Avenue)
19-- Patti Deutsch Pittsburgh PA, comedienne (Ace Trucking Co, Laugh-in)
19-- Ross Kettle actor (Santa Barbara)
19-- Terry Carter [John E. DeCoste] Brooklyn NY, actor (McCloud, Battlestar Galactica)
1900 Victor S Pritchett literary critic/author (Myth Makers)
1901 Margaret Mead Philadelphia PA, anthropologist (Coming of Age in Samoa)
1903 Hardie Albright Pittsburgh PA, actress (Silver Streak, Scarlet Letter)
1903 Rafael Alberti Spanish poet (El hombre deshabitado)
1904 Edward Morris Bernstein economist
1904 Norbert E Fonteyne Flemish writer (Guest house Vivès)
1905 Piet Hein poet/inventor
1906 John Morrison politician/landowner
1906 Lord Margadale English Conservative parliament leader/large landowner
1907 Ray C Bliss (R) Ohio State Republican Chairman
1907 Syd Curnow cricketer (South African batsman in 7 Tests 1930-32)
1909 Henricus Verbunt civil servant/resistance fighter
1909 Lall Singh cricketer (scored 15 & 29 in India's 1st Test match)
1910 Freddie Brown Peru, cricketer ("Lettuces! Hearts as big as ")
1910 Robert Noehren composer
1910 Stanojlo Rajicic composer
1915 Georgy Vasilevich Svirdov composer
1916 Theo Bitter Dutch painter/set designer
1916 Udom Patpongsiri property developer


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Religious History
1786 Birth of Konrad Kocher, German chorister and composer of the hymn tune DIX ("For the Beauty of the Earth"). Kocher did much to popularize four_part singing in the churches.
1826 Birth of John Ellerton, Anglican clergyman and writer of children's hymns. Among his better_known compositions are "Savior, Again to Thy Dear Name We Raise" and "Welcome, Happy Morning."
1867 Birth of Amy Carmichael, Scotch_Irish missionary. She went to India in 1895 under the Zenana Missionary Society, remaining there without furlough until her death 56 years later. An invalid her last 20 years, she worked to rescue children from Hindu cult prostitution, and founded the Dohnavur Fellowship in 1925.
1870 The Colored Methodist Church of America was established at Jackson, TN. Its name was changed in 1954 to the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church. The denomination today is comprised of approximately 3,000 congregations.
1935 Death of Walter S. Martin, 73, Disciples of Christ clergyman, teacher and evangelist. He is remembered best today as composer of the hymn tune GOD CARES ("Be Not Dismayed, Whate'er Betide" a.k.a. "God Will Take Care of You").


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Post by noreply66 »

In 1777, France recognized America independence.

In 1830, South American patriot Simon Bolivar died in Colombia.

In 1939, the German pocket battleship Adm. Graf Spee was scuttled by its crew, ending the Workd War II Battle of the River Plate off Uruguay


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Birthdates which occurred on December 18:
1562 Philipp Dulichius composer
1569 Jakob Hassler composer
1610 Charles Du Fresne Du Cange French scholar/philologist
1633 Adriaen Melar Flemish engraver, baptised
1633 Willem van de Velde the Young Dutch seascape painter, baptised
1635 Antonius Matthaeus Dutch lawyer/historian
1667 Wenzel Ludwig von Radolt composer
1707 Charles Wesley co-founder (Methodist movement)
1709 Elizabeth empress of Russia (to Peter the Great & Catherine I)
1734 Jean-Baptiste Rey composer
1760 Knud L Rahbek Danish literary (Om sku skuespillerkunsten)
1779 Joseph Grimaldi England, pantomimist ("greatest clown in history")
1788 Camille Pleyel Austria, piano builder/composer
1803 William Allen (Representative/Governor-OH)
1811 Alexander Sandor Asboth Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1868
1812 Wiktor Kazynski composer
1816 Alfred Elzey Jones Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1871
1819 Jakov P Polonski Russian poet (Stichotvorenija)
1825 Charles Griffin Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1867
1826 Charles-A Chatrian [Erckmann-C] French writer (L'ami Fritz)
1826 Mercer Brooke John (Confederate Navy), died in 1906
1835 George Dashiell Bayard Brigadier-General (Union volunteers), died in 1862
1837 A Adolf Daens Belgian priest/Dutch party founder (CVP)
1844 Lujo [Ludwig J von] Brentano German economist
1848 Karl Schroder composer
1852 Gaetano Coronaro composer
1856 Joseph John Thomson England, physicist discovered electron (Nobel 1906)
1861 Edward Alexander MacDowell New York NY, composer (Indian Suite, Cairo)
1861 Lionel Monckton composer
1863 Franz Ferdinand archduke of Austria (Sarajevo/WWI)
1867 Antoon van Welie Dutch painter
1870 Saki (Hector Hugo Munro) Burma, author (Reginald, When William Came)
1870 Andres Randolf Denmark, actor (The Kiss)
1870 D T Suzuki Kanazawa Japan, Zen Buddhist scholar
1873 Adolf Vogl composer
1877 Max Pallenberg Austria, actor (Brave Suender)/husb of Fritzi Massary
1879 Paul Klee Switzerland, abstract painter (Twittering Machine)
1884 Philippe van Isacker Belgian minister
1886 Ty Cobb Colorado, batted .367, stole 892 bases (Detroit Tigers)
1888 Gladys Cooper Lewisham England, actress (My Fair Lady)
1888 Robert Moses power broker (built Long Island & NYC parks & roads)
1890 Edwin Howard Armstrong New York NY, radio pioneer inventor (FM)
1897 Fernand J Collin Belgian economist/banker
1898 Jacob Kruijt Dutch sociologist
19-- Gillian Spencer actress (All My Children)
1904 George Stevens US director (Alice Adams, Penny Serenade)
1904 Wilf Carter country singer
1905 Richard Sturzenegger composer
1906 Edwin H "Buddy" Morris music publisher
1906 Kam Tong actor (Across the Pacific, Flower Drum Song)
1907 Christopher Fry Bristol England, playwright (Ring Around the Moon)
1908 Celia Johnson England, actress (Happy Breed, Brief encounter)
1909 Mona Barrie [Smith] London England, actress (Dawn on the Great Divide)
1910 Abe Burrows Brooklyn NY, Broadway composer (Guys & Dolls 1951 TONY)
1910 Eric Tindall cricketer (All Black Representative who kept wicket in 5 Tests)
1911 Helen Vlachos journalist
1911 Jules Dassin Middletown CT, director (Circle of Two, Never on Sunday)
1913 Alfred Bester US, science fiction author (Deceivers, Starlight)
1913 Lynn Bari Roanoke VA, actress (Connie-Detective Wife, Earthbound)
1913 Donald Phillips pianist/composer
1913 Saburo Takata composer
1913 Willy Brandt [Herbert Frahm] German chancellor (1969-74, Nobel 1971)
1914 Jerry Zipkin socialite
1915 Dario Mangiarotti Italy, fencing, gold, 2 silver (Olympics-1948, 52)
1916 Betty Grable St Louis MO, great legs/actress (Gay Divorcee)
1917 Ossie Davis Cogdell GA, actor/playwright (Hot Stuff, Man Called Adam)
1919 Anita O'Day Chicago IL, big band jazz singer (Gene Krupa, Stan Kanton)
1920 Rita Streich German singer
1920 Willis Conover broadcaster
1922 Larry D Mann Toronto Ontario, actor (Marty-Accidental Family)
1923 Lotti [Charlotte] van der Gaag Dutch sculptor/painter
1926 Peggy Cummins North Wales, actress (Curse of the Demon)
1927 Ramsey Clark US Attorney General (1967-69)
1927 Sterling Lanier US, writer (Hiero's Journey)
1930 Theodore C Freeman Pennsylvania, astronaut
1931 Gunnel Lindblom Goeteborg Sweden, actor (Hunger, Virgin Spring)
1931 Noel McGregor cricketer (batted in 25 Tests for New Zealand 1955-65)
1932 Roger Smith South Gate CA, actor (77 Sunset Strip)
1934 Boris Valentinovich Volynov USSR, cosmonaut (Soyuz 5, 21)
1938 [Bryan] Chas Chandler rocker (The Animals-House of the Rising Sun)
1939 Sandro Lopopolia Italy, lightweight


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Religious History
1819 Birth of Isaac Thomas Hecker, American Roman Catholic leader. He entered the Redemptorist Order in 1845, and in 1858 founded the Missionary Society of St. Paul the Apostle (the Paulist Fathers). He was superior general of the Paulist Society during his last 30 years (1858_88).
1834 Emory College was chartered in Oxford, GA, under Methodist auspices. In 1915 it changed its name to Emory University and in 1919 the campus was relocated in Atlanta, GA.
1892 Rabbi H. Rosenberg was expelled from Temple Beth_Jacob in Brooklyn, NY, for eating pork.
1904 Indian mystic Sundar Singh, 15, was converted to Christianity through a vision. Baptized into the Church of England in 1905, Singh afterward donned the robe of a Sadhu (holy man) in an endeavor to present Christianity in a Hindu form. (He disappeared in April 1929, while undertaking a strenuous work in Tibet.)
1943 German theologian and Nazi martyr Dietrich Bonhoeffer wrote in a letter from prison: 'The man who finds God in his earthly happiness...does not lack reminder that earthly things are transient...and...there will be times when he can say in all sincerity, "I wish I were home."'


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Post by noreply66 »

In 1892, Tchaikovsky's ballet "The Nutcracker" publicly premiered in St. Petersburg, Russia.

In 1940, Adolf Hitler signed a secret directive ordering preparations for a Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union. (Operation Barbarossa was launched in June 1941.)

In 1969, Britain's Parliament permanently abolished the death penalty for murder.


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Deaths which occurred on December 19:
0401 Anastasius I Bishop of Rome (399-401), dies
1370 Urban V [Guillaume de Grimoard] 1st Avignon Pope (1362-70), dies
1614 Melchior Bischoff composer, dies at 67
1741 Vitus J Bering Dutch navigator/explorer, dies
1749 Francesco Antonio Bonporti composer, dies at 76
1798 Charles-Joseph Panckoucke publisher (Moniteur Universel), dies at 62
1800 Georg Peter Weimar composer, dies at 66
1804 Mary Bright British PM Rockingham, dies
1810 Johann Heinrich Egli composer, dies at 68
1815 Michel Woldemar composer, dies at 65
1815 Robert Hudson composer, dies at 83
1823 Nicolas-Joseph Hullmandel composer, dies at 67
1848 Adam van Duyn governor of South Holland, dies at 77
1851 J M William Turner British painter (Rain, Steam & Speed), dies at 76
1867 Jean-Georges Kastner composer, dies at 57
1914 Johann F Ritter von Schulte German catholic lawyer, dies at 87
1915 Alois Alzheimer German neurologist (first described Alzheimer's Disease), dies at 51
1925 Jose Ignacio Quinton composer, dies at 44
1930 Johnny Douglas cricketer (soccer int, boxing gold medal), drowns
1939 Eric Fogg composer, dies at 36
1939 Karl Wagenfeld Low German writer (Lucifer, Death & Devil), dies at 70
1939 Willem Benoy Flemish actor/director (The White), dies at 57
1941 L M Dovator Russian general, dies in battle
1951 Barton Yarbrough actor (Dragnet), dies at 51
1952 Harry Makepeace cricketer (cricket & soccer international for England), dies
1953 Robert A Millikan US physicist (Nobel 1923), dies at 85
1953 Rudolf Leonhard writer, dies
1957 John W Van Druten US stage/screenwriter (I Remember Mama), dies at 56
1959 Walter Williams claimed to be last survivor of Civil War, dies at 117
1966 Ehm Welk writer, dies at 82
1967 Alfred Courtens Belgian sculptor, dies at 78
1968 Norman Thomas founder (ACLU)/Socialist Party (1926-55), dies at 84
1977 Nellie Taylor Ross 1st woman governor, dies at 101
1982 Jean-Jacques Grunenwald French organist/composer, dies at 71
1982 Lawrence Collingwood composer, dies at 95
1983 Raymond Massey actor (Dr Gillespie-Dr Kildaire), dies at 87
1984 Michel Magne composer, dies at 54
1989 Dorothea "Stella" Gibbons English journalist/author, dies at 87
1990 Basil Henson actor (Change Partners), dies of stroke at 71
1991 Ernest K Gann US adventure novelist, dies at 81
1991 Paul Maxwell actor (City of Fear, Freedom to Die), dies at 70
1993 Anthonius "Ton" Kors writer (Time of Anton de Lange), dies at 47
1993 Antoon Veerman Dutch ARP Assistant Secretary of Education (1973-75), dies at 77
1993 Michael Clarke drummer (Byrds


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Post by noreply66 »

In 1932, the British Broadcasting Corporation began transmitting overseas with its Empire Service to Australia.

In 1946, war broke out in Indochina as troops under Ho Chi Minh launched widespread attacks against the French.


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Birthdates which occurred on December 20:
1539 Paul Melissus [Paul Schede] German poet/composer
1579 John Fletcher Elizabethan dramatist (Phylaster) (baptized)
1594 Giovanni Battista Gagliano composer
1606 Christoph Schultze composer
1629 Pieter de Hoogh Dutch painter
1659 François Fagel Dutch lawyer/statesman
1720 Charles Edward Stuart [Bonnie Prince Charlie/Young Pretender]
1729 Franz Xaver Thomas Pokorny composer
1758 Othon Joseph Vandenbroek composer
1774 Guillaume-Perre-Antoine Gatayes composer
1786 Pietro Raimondi composer
1805 Thomas Graham father of colloid chemistry
1807 Richard Lucian Page Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1901
1808 Thomas Tinsley Craven Commander (Union Navy), died in 1887
1809 Friedrich Karl Kuhmstedt composer
1812 Achille Peri composer
1813 Samuel Jordan Kirkwood (Governor-IA)/US Secretary of Interior (1881-82)
1819 John Geary 1st San Francisco postmaster, 1st mayor (May 1, 1850)
1825 Romeyn Beck Ayres Brevet Major General (Union Army), died in 1888
1833 Dr Samuel A Mudd convicted of giving medical aid to John Wilkes Booth
1841 Ferdinand-Èdouard Buisson France, educator (Nobel Peace Prize 1927)
1858 Jean/Johannes T "Jan" Toorop Dutch painter/graphic artist (3 Brides)
1859 Antonius J Derkinderen Dutch painter/etcher
1865 Maude Gonne Irish nationalist (Irish Joan of Arc)
1867 Fini Valdemar Henriques composer
1868 Harvey S Firestone Industrialist, where the rubber meets the road
1869 Charley Grapewin Xenia OH, actor (Wizard of Oz, Libeled Lady)
1870 Pieter C Boutens Dutch poet (Voices, Carmina)
1871 Henry Kimball Hadley composer
1872 Lorenzo Perosi Italian composer
1875 T F Powys Wales, writer (Captain Patch, Goat Green)
1876 Jan Van Oudshoorn [Jan K Feylbrief] Dutch writer (Maze of Senses)
1876 Walter S Adams US astronomer/director of Mount Wilson (1923-46)
1881 Branch Rickey baseball executive (Dodgers)
1884 Marius HLW "Max" Blokzijl Dutch nazi collaborator/traitor
1886 Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman California, tennis player (US Open 1909-11)
1886 Domingo Julio Gomez Garcia composer
1889 Bozidar Sirola composer
1894 Sir Robert Menzies Australian PM (1939-41, 1949-66)
1895 Susanne Langer US, philosopher/educator (Philosophy in a New Key)
1898 Irene [Marie] Dunne Louisville KY, actress (Show Boat, I Remember Mama, My Favorite Wife)
19-- Luisa Maria Guell Havana Cuba, singer (Tres Palabras)
1900 Gabby Harnett (National League MVP 1935)
1901 Robert Van de Graaff Alabama, physicist (Mobility of Gaseous Ions)
1901 Louis I Kahn US architect [or Feb 20]
1902 Max Lerner US, columnist (New York Post)
1902 Sidney Hook anticommunist philosopher (Paradoxes of Freedom)
1902 George English prince/earl of St Andrews
1904 [Schmidt] Hans Burkhardt artist
1904 Albert Van Dekker Brooklyn NY, actor (Dr Cyclops, Beau Gesture)
1905 "Tiger" Bill O'Reilly cricketer (mighty Australian leg-spinner)
1906 Dick White head of British secret service (MI-5/MI-6)
1906 Irving Krick meteorologist
1906 Lowell Gilmore Minnesota, actor (Living Christ Series)
1908 Giulio Cesare Brero composer
1908 Norman Hackforth broadcaster
1909 Vagn Holmboe composer
1911 Hortense Calisher New York NY, novelist (Arts & Letters 1967)
1915 Aziz Nesin writer
1918 Audrey Totter Joliet IL, actress (Carpetbaggers, Set-Up)
1920 Väinö Linna writer
1922 Charita Bauer Newark


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Post by noreply66 »

In 1987, more than 4,300 people were killed when the Dona Paz, a Philippine passenger ship, collided with the tanker Vector off Mindoro island.

In 1997, President Nelson Mandela stepped down as leader of South Africa's governing African National Congress.

1N 1997,Pope John Paul II sent Christmas greeting to the Cuban people in advance of his visit to the island.


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Deaths which occurred on December 21:
0918 Conrad I Duke of Franconia/German King (911-918), dies
1308 Henry I the Child, 1st landgrave of Hessen (1256-1308), dies
1375 Giovanni Boccaccio Italian poet (Vita di Dante, Decameron), dies
1429 Jacquemart de Bléharies Tournay "heretic", burned to death
1579 Juan de Juanes [Vicente Juan Maçip] Spanish ecclesiastical painter, dies at 56
1597 Petrus Canisius Dutch jesuit/saint, dies at 76
1674 Rutger van Haersolte viceroy of Overijsselse, dies at about 66
1734 Philipp Hyacinth Lobkowitz composer, dies at 54
1736 Alessandro Galilei Italian architect (Cappella Corsini), dies at 45
1755 Caspar Ruetz composer, dies at 47
1765 Joseph Thaddäus Stammel Austrian sculptor, dies at 70
1820 Charles-François Dumonchau composer, dies at 45
1859 Nicolaas C Kist Dutch church historian/archivist, dies at 66
1864 William Henry Fry composer, dies at 51
1889 Joseph B Lightfoot English theologist/bishop of Durham, dies at 61
1890 Niels Vilhelm Gade Danish composer, dies at 73
1906 Adalbert von Goldschmidt composer, dies at 58
1907 Oskar Lassar German dermatologist (public baths), dies at 58
1914 A O Jones cricketer (12 Tests for England 1899-1909), dies
1920 Claude Tozer cricketer (dashing New South Wales batsman, shot to death
1921 P B S Pinchback major Reconstruction politician, dies at 84
1927 Jack Saunders cricketer (79 wickets-14 Tests for Australia 1902-08), dies
1928 Harry Butt cricketer (England wicket-keeper vs South Africa 1895-96), dies
1928 Luigi Cadorna Italian fieldmarshal (WWI, Caporetto), dies at 78
1931 John-French Cantré Flemish wood carver/painter/cartoonist, dies at 45
1933 Knud J V Rasmussen Danish Pole explorer (Thule), dies at 54
1935 Kurt Tucholsky German journalist/writer (Panter, Tiger & Co), dies at 45
1937 Frank Kellog US foreign minister (Nobel 1929), dies at 80
1940 F[rancis] Scott [Key] Fitzgerald author (Great Gatsby, Zelda), dies of a heart attack in Hollywood at 44
1942 Leendert Round sculptor (Giraffen, Blijdorp), dies at 63
1945 George S Patton US general (Sicily/Normandy), dies in car accident in Heidelberg at 60
1948 Seishiro Itagaki Japanese general/Minister of War, hanged
1955 Dorothy Bernard actress (Margaret-Life With Father), dies at 65
1956 Lewis M Terman psychologist (Genetic studies of genius), dies at 79
1957 Eric Coates composer, dies at 71
1958 H[arry] B[yron] Warner actor (10 Commandments, New Moon), dies at 83
1958 Lion Feuchtwanger philosopher/writer (Der falsche Nero), dies at 74
1963 Jack Hobbs cricketer (61 Tests for England), dies
1965 Claude Adonai Champagne composer, dies at 74
1967 Louis Washkansky dies 18 days after 1st heart transplant at 55
1967 Stuart Erwin actor (Trouble With Father), dies of heart attack at 64
1972 Horace Mann Bond president of Lincoln University (Pennsylvania), dies at 70
1974 Richard Long actor (Professor-Nanny & the Professor), dies at 47
1975 William Lundigan announcer (CBS Mystery Theater), dies at 61
1976 Edward Bartlett cricketer (West Indies Test batsman in 5 Tests 1928-31), dies
1979 Bill Anderson cricketer (Test for New Zealand 1946, scored five & one), dies
1980 Marc Connelly playwright (One Minute Please), dies at 90
1983 Rod Cameron actor (Santa Fe Passage, Stampede), dies at 73
1987 Robert Paige actor (Son of Dracula, Pardon My Sarong), dies
1988 Bob Steele [Robert Bradbury] dies after short illness at 60
1988 Nicholas Tinbergen Dutch/British biologist, dies at 81
1989 Jan Cikker composer, dies at 78
1992 Albert King US


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Post by BubbleGumTiger »

Birthdates which occurred on December 22:
1400 Luca della Robbia Italy, sculptor (Madonna of Rose Garden)
1428 Richard Neville Warwick 2nd earl of Salisbury
1452 Jakob Obrecht Brabant, composer
1459 Djem Sultan son of Turks sultan Mehmed II
1515 Mary of Lorraine France, pro-French Regent of Scotland
1523 Charles "Cardinal" of Bourbon archbishop Rouen
1573 Ernst Casimir count of Nassau-Dietz/mayor of Frisia/Groningen
1624 Tomas Micieres composer
1639 Jean-Baptiste Racine French dramatist (Andromaque) (baptized)
1643 Rene-Robert Cavelier La Salle France, French explorer (Louisiana)
1684 Johann J Dillenius [Dillen] German botanist (Historia Muscorum)
1696 James Oglethorpe England, general/author/colonizer (Georgia)
1700 Egbert de Vrij Temminck Amsterdam regent
1702 Jean E Liotard [Turk] Swiss painter (Madame d'Epinay)
1710 Wilhelm Friedemann Bach composer, son of J.S. Bach
1723 Carl Friedrich Abel German/British viola-da-gamba-player/composer
1727 William Ellery signer of the Declaration of Independence
1728 Charles Frederick Baden, liberal ruler of Baden
1735 Ulrich Bräker writer
1744 Abigail Adams Weymouth MA, 2nd first lady (1797-1801)
1753 Dugald Stewart Edinburgh Scotland, philosopher (Scottish common sense)
1761 Dorothea Jordan Ireland, French comedic actress
1764 Barbara Juliane Krudener Latvia, mystic visionary renounced nobility
1767 Andreas Hofer South Tirol, military leader (fought Napoleon's France)
1768 John Crome [Old Crome] English landscape painter/etcher
1787 Rasmus Rask Denmark, language scholar
1795 Thomas Ainsworth English/Netherlands industrialist (Twentse textile)
1803 Joseph King Fenno Mansfield Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1862
1808 Thomas Cook England, tour director (Thomas Cook & Son)
1809 Benedict Augustin Morel Vienna, French psychologist (dementia praecox)
1812 Johanne Luise Heiberg Copenhagen Denmark, actress (Romeo & Juliet)
1815 Johann J Bachofen Swiss judicial historian
1815 Lucien Petipa French dancer/choreographer/ballet leader
1819 Franz Wilhelm Abt German composer/choir conductor
1819 George Eliot England, Victorian novelist (Adam Bede)
1821 Giovanni Bottesini composer
1826 James Scott Negley (Union volunteers Major General, died in 1901)
1830 Justin M'Carthy Ireland, Irish politician/novelist (Miss Misanthrope)
1831 Mark Rutherford writer
1831 Robert Ogden Tyler Brevet Major General (Union Army), died in 1874
1832 Edward Hatch Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1889
1842 Jose Maria de Heredia Cuba, French sonnet poet
1842 Nicola d' Arienzo composer
1844 Izydor Lotto composer
1846 Andreas Hallen composer
1846 Oscar Carré Dutch circus director
1847 Heihatjirô Tôjô Japan, admiral (Russian-Japanese war)
1849 Fritz Mauthner Bohemia, German author/philosopher (skepticism)
1853 Maria Teresa Carreno composer
1856 Frank Kellogg Secretary of State (1925-29), tried to outlaw war (Nobel1929)
1857 George [Robert] Gissing England, novelist
1858 Giacomo Puccini Lucca Italy, opera composer (La Bohème, La Tosca)
1859 Cecil [James] Sharp London England, folk musician
1861 Erich Schaeder German theologist (Theocentric Theology)
1862 Connie Mack Hall of Fame baseball executive/manager (Philadelphia A's 1900-1950)
1863 Ch'i Pai-shih China, traditional Chinese painter
1863 Jean-Baptiste Marchand Thoissey France, soldier/explorer (Sudan)
1866 Mieczyslaw Surzynski composer
1867 [Karl Eduard] Wilhelm Groener Germany, general
1867 Frantisek X Salda Czechoslovakian writer/critic
1867 Joseph [Maria] Olbrich Silesia, German architect (Wiener Sezession)
1868 John Nance Garner Texas, (Vice-President-D-1933-41)
1869 Edwin Arlington Robinson US, poet (Richard Corey)
1869 Andre[-Paul-Guillaume] Gide Paris France, writer (Nobel 1947)
1873 L[eopold] S[tennett] Amery British politician
1873 Matteo Giulio Bartoli Austria-Hungary, linguist
1874 Franz Schmidt composer
1874 Herman Harrell Horne Clayton NC, philosopher (idealism)
1875 Antoine Mariotte composer
1875 John P "Jan" Musch Dutch actor (Dead Water)
1876 Filippo Tommaso Marinetti Italian writer (Futurism e Futurista)
1877 Endre Ady Hungary, lyric poet
1879 Ralph Hawtrey Buckinghamshire England, economist (multiplier)
1879 Stanislas Bizot French world checker champion (1925)
1881 Enver Pasa Istanbul Turkey, Turkish politician
1882 Charles Vildrac Paris France, poet/playwright
1883 Arthur James Cook England, union leader (coal miners)
1883 Edgard Victor Achille C Varèse Paris France, composer (Innisation)
1885 Edgard Varèse Paris France, composer (Innisation)
1885 Joseph Deems Taylor New York NY, composer (Peter Ibbetson)
1887 Srinivasa Ramanujan Indies mathematician ('pi'/Notebooks)
1888 Joseph Arthur Rank English film magnate/baron
1889 Mikha`il Na'imah Lebanon, playwright
1889 Minor Watson Marianna AR, actor (Woman of the Year, Viva Cisco Kid)
1890 Charles de Gaulle Lille France, premier of France
1890 Mark Tobey US abstract painter (Broadway Norm)
1891 Edward L Bernays Vienna Austria, 1st public relations agent
1896 Nikolay Semyonovich Tikhonov St Petersburg Russia, poet
1898 Lionel Charles Robbins Middlesex England, economist
1899 Gustaf Gruendgens Duesseldorf Germany, actor/director (M)
1899 Hoagy Carmichael


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