This day in history...

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In 1783, Sweden recognized the independence of the United States.

In 1811, George, Prince of Wales, was named the Prince Regent due to the insanity of his father, Britain's King George III.

In 1887, Verdi's opera "Otello" premiered at La Scala.

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In 1812, author Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth, England.

In 1857, a French court acquitted author Gustave Flaubert of obscenity for his serialized novel "Madame Betty."

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In 1587, Mary, Queen of Scots was beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle in England after she was implicated in a plot to murder her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I.

In 1904, the Russo-Japanese war, a conflict over control of Manchuria and Korea, began as Japanese forces attacked Port Artyur.

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In 1929, the Lateran Treaty was signed, with Italy recognizing the independence and sovereignty of Vatican City.

In 1979, followes of Ayatollah Rubollah Khomeini seized power in Iran.

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In 1554, Lady Jane Grey, who'd claimed the throne of England for nine days, and her husband, Guildford Dudley, were beheaded after being condemmed for high treason.

In 1818, Chile officially proclaimed its independence, more than seven years after intially renouncing Spanish rule.

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In 1895, Oscar Wilde's final play, "The Importance of Being Earnest," opened at the St. James' Theatre in London.

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In 1564, Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa.

In 1942, the British colony Singapore surrendered to the Japanese during World War Two.

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In 1546,Martin Luther, leader of the Protestant Reformation in Germany, died in Eisleben.

In 1564, artist Michelangelo died in Rome.

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In 1942, Japanese warplanes, attacking in two waves, raided Australian city of Darwin; at least 243 people were killed.

In 1959, an agreement was signed by Britain,Turkey and Greese granting Cyprus its independence.

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In 1790, Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II died.

In 1938, Anthony Eden resigned as British foreign secretary following Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's decision to negotiate with Itlian dictator Benito Mussolini.

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In 1819, Spain agreed to cede Florida to the United States under the Adams-Onis Treaty.

In 1892, "Lady Windermere's Fan" by Oscar Welde was first performed, at London's St. James' Theater.

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In 1308,Edward II was crowned King of England

In 1948, Communists seized power in Czechoslovakia

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In 1815,Napolean Bonaparte escaped from exile on the Island of Elba.

In 1952, Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced that Britain had developed its own atomic bomb.

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In 1861, in Warsaw, Russian troops fired on a crowd protesting Russian rule over Poland; five marchers were killed.

In 1991, President George H. W.Bush declared that "Kuwait is liberated, Iraq's army is defeated," and announced that the allies would suspend combat operations at midnight. Eastern Time.

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In 1975, more than 40 people were killed in London's Underground when a subway train smashed into the end of a tunnel.

In 1986, Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme was shot to death in central Stockholm.

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In 1792, composer Gioachino Antonoi Rossini was born in Pesaro, Italy

In 1908, the artist known as Balthus was born in Paris.

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In 1894, British Prime Minister William Gladstone submitted his resognation to Queen Victoria, ending his fourth and final premiership.

In 1918, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which ended Russian participation in World War I--(The treaty was rendered moot by the November 1918 armistice.

In 1945, the Allies fully secured the Philippine capital of Manila from Japanese forces during World War II.

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In 1681, England's King Charles II granted a charter to William Penn for an area of land that later became Pennsylvania.

In 1977, some 1,500 people were killed in an earthquake that shook southern and eastern Europe.

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In 1908,actor Rex Harrison was born in Lancashire, England

In 1933, in German parliamentary elections, the Nazi Party won 44 percent of the vote; the Nazis joined with a conservative nationalist party to gain a slender majority in the Reichstag.

In 1946, Winston Churchill delivered his famous "Iron Curtain" speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Mo.

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In 1908, Italian actress Anna Magnani was born in Rome.

In 1926, the first successful trans-Atlantic radio-telephone conversation took place, between New York and London.

In 1936, Adolf Hitler ordered his troops to march into the Rhineland, thereby breaking the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Pact.